11 - Hyprland 配置详解
Hyprland — C++ 写的动态平铺 Wayland 合成器，动画极强，可定制性最高。
11.1 安装
sudo pacman -S hyprland
# 或带工具链
sudo pacman -S hyprland hyprpaper hyprlock hypridle hyprpicker xdg-desktop-portal-hyprland11.2 配置文件结构
~/.config/hypr/hyprland.conf # 主配置（可 include 其他文件）
# 常用拆分方式
~/.config/hypr/hyprland.conf → source = ~/.config/hypr/binds.conf
source = ~/.config/hypr/rules.conf
source = ~/.config/hypr/decorations.conf
# 变量定义在所有 include 之前11.3 核心变量系统
# ===== 变量定义 =====
$mainMod = SUPER # Super = Win 键
$term = kitty
$fileManager = thunar
$menu = fuzzel # 或 rofi / wofi / anyrun
$browser = firefox
# 颜色变量
$rosewater = rgb(f5e0dc)
$flamingo = rgb(f2cdcd)
$mauve = rgb(DDB6F2)
$pink = rgb(F5C2E7)
$maroon = rgb(E8A2AF)
$red = rgb(F28FAD)
$peach = rgb(F8BD96)
$yellow = rgb(FAE3B0)
$green = rgb(ABE9B3)
$teal = rgb(B5E8E0)
$blue = rgb(96CDFB)
$sky = rgb(89DCEB)
$base = rgb(1E1E2E)
$mantle = rgb(181825)
$crust = rgb(11111B)
$text = rgb(CDD6F4)
$subtext0 = rgb(A6ADC8)
$surface0 = rgb(313244)
# 尺寸变量
$gapSize = 8
$borderSize = 2
$rounding = 1211.4 显示器配置
# ===== 显示器 =====
monitor=eDP-1,1920x1080@144,0x0,1.5
# 分辨率@刷新率 位置 缩放
# 多显示器
monitor=DP-1,2560x1440@165,1920x0,1
monitor=eDP-1,1920x1080@60,0x0,1
# 禁用内置屏幕
# monitor=eDP-1,disable
# VRR (可变刷新率)
monitor=DP-1,2560x1440@165,0x0,1,bitdepth,10,vrr,2
# vrr: 0=关闭 1=始终 2=仅全屏
# 工作区分配到显示器
workspace=1,monitor:eDP-1
workspace=2,monitor:eDP-1
workspace=3,monitor:DP-1
workspace=4,monitor:DP-1
workspace=5,monitor:eDP-1
workspace=6,monitor:DP-1
# ===== 环境变量 =====
env = XCURSOR_SIZE,24
env = XCURSOR_THEME,Bibata-Modern-Classic
env = LIBVA_DRIVER_NAME,nvidia # 如果用 NVIDIA
env = GBM_BACKEND,nvidia-drm
env = __GLX_VENDOR_LIBRARY_NAME,nvidia
env = WLR_NO_HARDWARE_CURSORS,1
env = QT_QPA_PLATFORM,wayland
env = SDL_VIDEODRIVER,wayland11.5 输入配置
# ===== 键盘 =====
input {
kb_layout = us,ru
kb_variant =
kb_model =
kb_options = grp:alt_shift_toggle,caps:escape
kb_rules =
repeat_rate = 40 # 字符重复率
repeat_delay = 250 # 重复前延迟(ms)
numlock_by_default = false
# 单独给特定键盘设布局
kb_file = /path/to/xkb # 自定义 XKB 文件
}
# 多键盘区分
device:epic-mouse-v1 {
sensitivity = -0.5
}
device:royal-kludge-rk61 {
repeat_rate = 30
}
# ===== 鼠标/触摸板 =====
input {
follow_mouse = 1 # 焦点跟随鼠标 (0/1)
touchpad {
natural_scroll = yes
tap-to-click = yes
drag_lock = yes
disable_while_typing = yes
}
sensitivity = 0 # -1.0 ~ 1.0
accel_profile = flat # adaptive, flat
}
# 手势
gestures {
workspace_swipe = true
workspace_swipe_fingers = 3
workspace_swipe_distance = 400
workspace_swipe_cancel_ratio = 0.2
workspace_swipe_create_new = true
workspace_swipe_min_speed_to_force = 30
}11.6 通用设置
general {
gaps_in = $gapSize # 窗口内间距
gaps_out = 12 # 窗口外间距
border_size = $borderSize
col.active_border = $mauve $pink 45deg # 渐变色！
col.inactive_border = $surface0
cursor_inactive_timeout = 3 # 秒，隐藏光标
layout = dwindle # dwindle | master
# 多列时不自动调整分割方向
no_cursor_warps = false
# 工作区数量（静默创建）
# allow_workspace_count = 10
}11.7 装饰
decoration {
rounding = $rounding
# Blur
blur {
enabled = true
size = 4
passes = 2 # 渲染次数（性能换质量）
noise = 0.01 # 噪点纹理（减少伪影）
contrast = 1.3
brightness = 0.9
new_optimizations = on # 性能优化
xray = false # 透窗 debug
}
# 阴影
drop_shadow = yes
shadow_range = 15
shadow_render_power = 2
shadow_offset = 3 3
col.shadow = rgba(1a1a1aee)
col.shadow_inactive = rgba(1a1a1a88)
# 窗口调暗（非焦点窗口）
dim_inactive = false
dim_strength = 0.1
# 圆角 Shader（高级）
# screen_shader = ~/.config/hypr/shaders/rounded.glsl
}11.8 动画
# Hyprland 动画极其强大——使用 Bezier 曲线和弹簧物理
animations {
enabled = yes
# ===== 贝塞尔曲线 =====
# 语法：bezier = 名字,x1,y1,x2,y2
bezier = wind, 0.05, 0.9, 0.1, 1.05
bezier = winIn, 0.1, 1.1, 0.1, 1.1
bezier = winOut, 0.3, -0.3, 0, 1
bezier = linear, 0, 0, 1, 1
bezier = popin, 0.1, 1.1, 0.1, 1.0
bezier = overshot, 0.05, 0.9, 0.1, 1.1
# ===== 窗口动画 =====
animation = windows, 1, 4, wind, popin 70%
# 样式 时间 曲线
# 打开窗口
animation = windowsIn, 1, 4, winIn, slide
# 关闭窗口
animation = windowsOut, 1, 3, winOut, popin 80%
# 窗口移动
animation = windowsMove, 1, 3, wind, slide
# ===== 淡入淡出 =====
animation = fadeIn, 1, 3, default
animation = fadeOut, 1, 3, default
animation = fadeSwitch, 1, 2, default
animation = fadeShadow, 1, 3, default
animation = fadeDim, 1, 3, default
# ===== 工作区切换 =====
animation = workspaces, 1, 4, wind, slidevert
# slidevert = 上下滑动
# slide = 左右滑动（dwindle 默认）
# ===== 特殊工作区（scratchpad 等）=====
animation = specialWorkspace, 1, 4, overshot, slidevert
}动画样式全表
| 动画样式 | 效果 |
|---|---|
default | 仅透明度/大小（无滑动） |
popin | 从中心弹出 |
popin 80% | 弹出到 80% 后弹回 100% |
slide | 从屏幕边滑入 |
slidevert | 垂直滑入 |
slidefade | 滑入+淡入 |
slidefadevert | 竖滑+淡入 |
11.9 绑定键
# ===== 绑定键 =====
bind = $mainMod, RETURN, exec, $term
bind = $mainMod, Q, killactive,
bind = $mainMod, F, fullscreen, 0 # 0=非最大化, 1=最大化, 2=全屏
bind = $mainMod SHIFT, F, fullscreen, 1
bind = $mainMod, V, togglefloating,
bind = $mainMod, P, pseudo, # pseudo tiling (dwindle)
bind = $mainMod SHIFT, Space, togglesplit, # 切换分割方向
# ===== 启动器 =====
bind = $mainMod, D, exec, $menu
bind = $mainMod, Space, exec, anyrun
bind = $mainMod, B, exec, $browser
# ===== 焦点切换 =====
bind = $mainMod, H, movefocus, l
bind = $mainMod, L, movefocus, r
bind = $mainMod, K, movefocus, u
bind = $mainMod, J, movefocus, d
# ===== 移动窗口 =====
bind = $mainMod SHIFT, H, movewindow, l
bind = $mainMod SHIFT, L, movewindow, r
bind = $mainMod SHIFT, K, movewindow, u
bind = $mainMod SHIFT, J, movewindow, d
# ===== 调整窗口大小(用鼠标拖动) =====
# 按住 mod + 右键拖动
bindm = $mainMod, mouse:272, movewindow
bindm = $mainMod, mouse:273, resizewindow
# ===== 调整分割比例 =====
bind = $mainMod, right, resizeactive, 50 0
bind = $mainMod, left, resizeactive, -50 0
bind = $mainMod, up, resizeactive, 0 -50
bind = $mainMod, down, resizeactive, 0 50
# ===== 工作区 =====
bind = $mainMod, 1, workspace, 1
bind = $mainMod, 2, workspace, 2
bind = $mainMod, 3, workspace, 3
bind = $mainMod, 4, workspace, 4
bind = $mainMod, 5, workspace, 5
bind = $mainMod, 6, workspace, 6
bind = $mainMod, 7, workspace, 7
bind = $mainMod, 8, workspace, 8
bind = $mainMod, 9, workspace, 9
bind = $mainMod, 0, workspace, 10
# 移动活动窗口到工作区（并跟随）
bind = $mainMod SHIFT, 1, movetoworkspacesilent, 1
bind = $mainMod SHIFT, 2, movetoworkspacesilent, 2
# ...etc
# 工作区导航（循环滚动）
bind = $mainMod, bracketleft, workspace, e-1
bind = $mainMod, bracketright, workspace, e+1
bind = $mainMod SHIFT, bracketleft, movetoworkspace, e-1
bind = $mainMod SHIFT, bracketright, movetoworkspace, e+1
# 前后工作区（全局历史）
bind = $mainMod, TAB, workspace, previous
# ===== 特殊工作区(Scratchpad) =====
bind = $mainMod, S, togglespecialworkspace, magic
bind = $mainMod SHIFT, S, movetoworkspace, special:magic
# ===== 鼠标工作区 =====
bind = $mainMod ALT, H, movecurrentworkspacetomonitor, l
bind = $mainMod ALT, L, movecurrentworkspacetomonitor, r
# ===== 截图 =====
bind = , Print, exec, grimblast copy area
bind = SHIFT, Print, exec, grimblast copy active
bind = $mainMod, Print, exec, grimblast copy output
bind = $mainMod SHIFT, Print, exec, grimblast save area
# ===== 系统 =====
bind = $mainMod SHIFT, E, exit,
bind = $mainMod SHIFT, C, exec, systemctl poweroff
bind = $mainMod SHIFT, R, exec, systemctl reboot
bind = $mainMod, L, exec, hyprlock
# ===== 多媒体 =====
bind = , XF86AudioRaiseVolume, exec, wpctl set-volume @DEFAULT_AUDIO_SINK@ 5%+
bind = , XF86AudioLowerVolume, exec, wpctl set-volume @DEFAULT_AUDIO_SINK@ 5%-
bind = , XF86AudioMute, exec, wpctl set-mute @DEFAULT_AUDIO_SINK@ toggle
bind = , XF86AudioMicMute, exec, wpctl set-mute @DEFAULT_AUDIO_SOURCE@ toggle
bind = , XF86MonBrightnessUp, exec, brightnessctl set 5%+
bind = , XF86MonBrightnessDown, exec, brightnessctl set 5%-
# ===== 子映射(Submap) - 多键组合 =====
# 按下 Mod+R 进入 resize 模式，按方向键完成操作后退出
bind = $mainMod, R, submap, resize
submap = resize
bind = , right, resizeactive, 30 0
bind = , left, resizeactive, -30 0
bind = , up, resizeactive, 0 -30
bind = , down, resizeactive, 0 30
bind = , right, submap, resize # 继续留在此模式
bind = , escape, submap, reset # 退出 submap
bind = , return, submap, reset
submap = reset11.10 窗口规则
# ===== 窗口规则 =====
windowrulev2 = tile, class:^(.*)$ # 默认所有平铺
# 浮动窗口
windowrulev2 = float, class:^(pavucontrol)$
windowrulev2 = float, class:^(org.pwmt.zathura)$
windowrulev2 = float, class:^(mpv)$
windowrulev2 = float, class:^(blueberry.py)$
windowrulev2 = float, title:^(Picture-in-Picture)$
windowrulev2 = float, title:^(Firefox — Sharing Indicator)$
# 固定位置和大小
windowrulev2 = size 800 600, class:^(mpv)$
windowrulev2 = center, class:^(mpv)$
# 全屏
windowrulev2 = fullscreen, class:^(gamescope)$
# 钉在屏幕上（在所有工作区都显示）
windowrulev2 = pin, class:^(conky)$
windowrulev2 = pin, title:^(.* - Discord)$
# 禁止平铺的窗口
windowrulev2 = noanim, class:^(firefox)$, title:^(Firefox — Sharing Indicator)$
windowrulev2 = nofocus, class:^$
windowrulev2 = noborder, class:^(firefox)$, title:^(.* — Sharing Indicator)$
windowrulev2 = noblur, class:^(firefox)$, title:^(.* — Sharing Indicator)$
windowrulev2 = noshadow, class:^(firefox)$, title:^(.* — Sharing Indicator)$
windowrulev2 = noinitialfocus, class:^(chromium)$
# 透明度
windowrulev2 = opacity 0.8 override 0.8, class:^(kitty)$ # 静态
windowrulev2 = opacity 0.9 0.7, class:^(foot)$ # 活动/非活动
# 圆角
windowrulev2 = rounding 0, class:^(firefox)$, title:^(.*Sharing Indicator)$
# 工作区分配
windowrulev2 = workspace 1 silent, class:^(firefox)$
windowrulev2 = workspace 2 silent, class:^(Alacritty)$
windowrulev2 = workspace 3 silent, class:^(code-oss)$
# 设置非活动窗口变暗
windowrulev2 = dimaround, class:^(gimp)$
# 保持宽高比
windowrulev2 = keepaspectratio, class:^(mpv)$
windowrulev2 = maxsize 1920 1080, class:^(.*)$
# 特殊工作区（scratchpad）
windowrulev2 = workspace special:magic silent, class:^(scratchpad)$11.11 分层规则(Layer Rules)
# 控制 layer-shell 组件（waybar、通知等）
layerrule = blur, waybar
layerrule = blur, notifications
layerrule = ignorezero, notifications # 忽略透明区域
layerrule = ignorealpha 0.5, rofi
layerrule = dimaround, rofi
# 动画控制
layerrule = animation slide top, rofi # 从顶部滑入
layerrule = animation slide bottom, notifications
layerrule = noanim, waybar11.12 hyprctl —— 运行时控制
# hyprctl 是 Hyprland 的命令行控制接口
# 工作区操作
hyprctl dispatch workspace 3
hyprctl dispatch movetoworkspace 5
hyprctl dispatch togglespecialworkspace magic
# 窗口操作
hyprctl dispatch killactive
hyprctl dispatch togglefloating
hyprctl dispatch fullscreen 1
hyprctl dispatch resizeactive 50 0
hyprctl dispatch moveactive -200 0
# 获取信息
hyprctl activewindow # 当前窗口信息(JSON)
hyprctl clients # 所有窗口
hyprctl monitors # 显示器信息
hyprctl workspaces # 工作区
hyprctl layers # Layer shell
hyprctl version # 版本信息
# 批量操作
hyprctl --batch "dispatch workspace 1; dispatch exec kitty"
# 监控事件
hyprctl events # 实时事件流
# 输出：activewindow>>kitty
# workspace>>2
# 设置属性
hyprctl setprop class:kitty alpha 0.8
hyprctl setprop address:0x5555... nomaxsize 0
# 切换配置变量
hyprctl keyword general:gaps_out 20
hyprctl keyword decoration:rounding 0
# 动画管理
hyprctl animations # 列出动画配置11.13 编写 Hyprland 插件
# ~/.config/hypr/hyprland.conf
plugin = ~/.local/lib/hyprland/myplugin.so插件模板 (C++)
// myplugin.cpp — Hyprland 插件 API
#include <hyprland/src/plugins/PluginAPI.hpp>
// 注册插件
APICALL EXPORT std::string PLUGIN_API_VERSION() {
return HYPRLAND_API_VERSION;
}
// 初始化
APICALL EXPORT PLUGIN_DESCRIPTION_INFO PLUGIN_INIT(HANDLE handle) {
PHANDLE = handle;
// 注册回调
HyprlandAPI::registerCallbackDynamic(
PHANDLE, "preRender",
[&](void* self, SCallbackInfo& info, std::any data) {
// 每帧渲染前执行
}
);
HyprlandAPI::addConfigValue(PHANDLE, "plugin:myplugin:enable",
Hyprlang::INT{1});
return {"myplugin", "My Hyprland Plugin", "Me", "1.0"};
}
APICALL EXPORT void PLUGIN_EXIT() {
// 清理
}11.14 Hyprland 生态系统
# 核心工具
hyprpaper # 壁纸守护进程
hyprlock # 锁屏（GPU 加速、毛玻璃效果）
hypridle # 空闲管理
hyprpicker # 屏幕取色器
hyprcursor # 自定义光标主题格式
hyprgraphics # 图形测试工具
# hyprlock 配置 ~/.config/hypr/hyprlock.conf
# hypridle 配置 ~/.config/hypr/hypridle.conf
# 社区工具
hyprshot # 截图
hyprnome # 工作区切换器
hyprland-autoname-workspaces # 自动命名